[{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/www.santre.cz\/slunecni-soustava-a-jeji-planety\/#Article","mainEntityOfPage":"https:\/\/www.santre.cz\/slunecni-soustava-a-jeji-planety\/","headline":"Slune\u010dn\u00ed soustava a jej\u00ed planety","name":"Slune\u010dn\u00ed soustava a jej\u00ed planety","description":"N\u00e1\u0161 planet\u00e1rn\u00ed syst\u00e9m obsahuje Slunce a osm planet, v\u010detn\u011b na\u0161\u00ed Zem\u011b. Krom\u011b toho je\u0161t\u011b spoustu dal\u0161\u00edch zaj\u00edmav\u00fdch men\u0161\u00edch t\u011bles, kter\u00e9 se naz\u00fdvaj\u00ed komety a asteroidy. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.santre.cz\/slunecni-soustava-a-jeji-planety\/\" class=\"btn btn-link continue-link\">P\u0159e\u010d\u00edst \u010dl\u00e1nek<\/a>","datePublished":"2020-02-13","dateModified":"2023-04-30","author":{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/www.santre.cz\/author\/#Person","name":"","url":"https:\/\/www.santre.cz\/author\/","identifier":1,"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/6b1978a802e1d2522476d4f1a954a19e989b74ba84b3e15a182efb651cc75097?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/6b1978a802e1d2522476d4f1a954a19e989b74ba84b3e15a182efb651cc75097?s=96&d=mm&r=g","height":96,"width":96}},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"santre.cz","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"\/logo.png","url":"\/logo.png","width":600,"height":60}},"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/www.santre.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/img_a371723_w3787_t1582994881.jpg","url":"https:\/\/www.santre.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/img_a371723_w3787_t1582994881.jpg","height":0,"width":0},"url":"https:\/\/www.santre.cz\/slunecni-soustava-a-jeji-planety\/","about":["V\u011bda"],"wordCount":420,"articleBody":"N\u00e1\u0161 planet\u00e1rn\u00ed syst\u00e9m obsahuje Slunce a osm planet, v\u010detn\u011b na\u0161\u00ed Zem\u011b. Krom\u011b toho je\u0161t\u011b spoustu dal\u0161\u00edch zaj\u00edmav\u00fdch men\u0161\u00edch t\u011bles, kter\u00e9 se naz\u00fdvaj\u00ed komety a asteroidy. A tak\u00e9 planetku (neboli trpasli\u010d\u00ed planetu) Pluto, kter\u00e1 byla d\u0159\u00edve zahrnuta jako nejmen\u0161\u00ed z\u00a0planet (je mnohem men\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e n\u00e1\u0161 M\u011bs\u00edc), av\u0161ak nedosahovala hodnot, jimi\u017e jsou planety specifikov\u00e1ny. Pluto je od Slunce nejv\u00edce vzd\u00e1leno a byla u n\u011bj zji\u0161t\u011bna jedna ob\u011b\u017enice, nazvan\u00e1 Ch\u00e1ron.\u010cty\u0159i z\u00a0planet na\u0161\u00ed slune\u010dn\u00ed soustavy jsou terestrick\u00e9 \u2013 to znamen\u00e1, \u017ee jsou tvo\u0159eny horninami a kovy a nach\u00e1zej\u00ed se ve st\u0159edu soustavy, nejbl\u00ed\u017ee ke Slunci: Merkur, Venu\u0161e, Zem\u011b, Mars; za nimi je dal\u0161\u00ed z\u00f3na, a to p\u00e1s planetek, kter\u00e9 tu z\u016fstaly jako odpad p\u0159i tvorb\u011b planet. Zb\u00fdvaj\u00edc\u00ed \u010dty\u0159i &#8211; Jupiter, Saturn, Uran a Neptun jsou velk\u00e9 plynn\u00e9 planety a sv\u00fdm slo\u017een\u00edm (vod\u00edk a helium) se podobaj\u00ed Slunci. Za t\u011bmito plynn\u00fdmi obry n\u00e1sleduje z\u00f3na ledov\u00fdch t\u011bles (Kuiper\u016fv p\u00e1s a Oort\u016fv oblak). Kolem v\u011bt\u0161iny planet ob\u00edhaj\u00ed satelity, s\u00a0v\u00fdjimkou Merkura a Venu\u0161e.\tMerkurJak Merkur vypad\u00e1? Na povrchu jako prad\u00e1vn\u00fd M\u011bs\u00edc \u2013 kamenn\u00e1 k\u016fra, kter\u00e1 je tvo\u0159ena velk\u00fdm mno\u017estv\u00edm kr\u00e1ter\u016f, mezi nimi\u017e se nach\u00e1zej\u00ed r\u016fzn\u011b velk\u00e9 p\u00e1nve. T\u011bm dominuje ob\u0159\u00ed impaktn\u00ed p\u00e1nev o pr\u016fm\u011bru 1300 km, kter\u00e1 vznikla dopadem velk\u00e9ho meteoroidu. Pod povrchem je nep\u0159\u00edli\u0161 tlust\u00fd silik\u00e1tov\u00fd pl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 a v\u00a0nitru m\u00e1 Merkur nezvykle velk\u00e9 tekut\u00e9 j\u00e1dro, kter\u00e9 je ze \u017eeleza a niklu. P\u0159i rotaci planety vznikaj\u00ed v\u00a0j\u00e1dru elektrick\u00e9 proudy, kter\u00e9 vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed magnetick\u00e9 pole. Velikost j\u00e1dra si v\u011bdci vysv\u011btluj\u00ed sr\u00e1\u017ekou s\u00a0dost velik\u00fdm t\u011blesem v\u00a0dob\u011b vznik\u00e1n\u00ed slune\u010dn\u00ed soustavy, p\u0159i n\u00ed\u017e p\u0159i\u0161la tato planeta o podstatnou \u010d\u00e1st sv\u00e9ho pevn\u00e9ho pl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b.Merkur je starou, vyprahlou \u017eeleznou koul\u00ed, bez trval\u00e9 atmosf\u00e9ry. Kolem Slunce ob\u011bhne za t\u0159i pozemsk\u00e9 m\u011bs\u00edce. P\u0159i tom se v\u00fdrazn\u011b m\u011bn\u00ed teplota planety. Je-li Slunce v\u00a0nadhlavn\u00edku, dosahuj\u00ed teploty kolem 430oC a na opa\u010dn\u00e9 stran\u011b Merkuru je teplota a\u017e \u2013 170oC.Ob\u010das se Merkur na sv\u00e9 ob\u011b\u017en\u00e9 dr\u00e1ze dostane p\u0159ed Slunce a tehdy ho m\u016f\u017eeme vid\u011bt i ze Zem\u011b.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        4.2\/5 - (5 votes)        "},{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BreadcrumbList","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Slune\u010dn\u00ed soustava a jej\u00ed planety","item":"https:\/\/www.santre.cz\/slunecni-soustava-a-jeji-planety\/#breadcrumbitem"}]}]